Hosting Major International Sports Events in a Country: A Socioeconomic Impact

Authors

  • Girish Karunakaran Nair Stenden University of Applied Sciences

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5195/emaj.2021.207

Keywords:

Sports Event, Tourism, Socio-Economic Impact, FIFA 2022, Qatar

Abstract

This research focuses on the impact of sponsoring major sports events concerned with the socioeconomic aspects of Qatar. Context is the hosting of FIFA 2022 in Qatar. A questionnaire has been developed based on the underpinning theory, which included seven dimensions of measuring socioeconomic impact that covered Micro, Meso, Macroeconomic, Employment, Quality of Life, Social Cohesion and Environmental aspects. Questionnaire survey was conducted for a sample size of 126, which included the managers from tourism industry and sponsoring of sports events. The research methodology involved descriptive statistics calculations using MS Excel and SPSS. The response score was collected on a 5-point Likert scale for quantitative measures and the Mean, Standard Deviation, Kurtosis, Skewness and Frequency Distributions were computed for seven dimensions. The responses were later categorized into degrees of agreement with a priori scale to understand the relative impact of sponsoring sports events concerned with socioeconomic aspects. The results have indicated that, the highest impact would be on the creation of Environmental Consciousness among the citizens of Qatar followed by the impact on the Micro, Meso and Macroeconomic aspects of the country. These revelations have led providing suggestions to policy makers, which would be useful particularly in the present situation where Qatar is planning for FIFA 2022.

Author Biography

Girish Karunakaran Nair, Stenden University of Applied Sciences

Associate Professor & Program Leader
International Hospitality Management

References

Andereck, K, Valentine, K.M, Vogt, C.M, and Knopf, R.C. (2007) A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Quality of Life Perceptions. Journal of Sustainable Tourism 15 (5), 483-502.

Andolfatto, D. (2005). Macroeconomic Theory and Policy, London: Simon Fraser University.

Berger-Schmitt, R. (2000). Social cohesion as an aspect of the Quality of the Societies: Concept and Measurement, TSER Project report of European Commission, Mannheim.

Brown, A,, & Massey, J. (2001). Literature review: the impact of major sporting events. Manchester Institute for Popular Culture, Manchester Metropolitan University.

Carr, N. (2002). The Tourism Leisure Behavioural Continuum. Annals of Tourism Research, Vol., 29, No. 4, 972-986.

Cefis E., (2001). Innovative Activities, Profitability and Heterogeneity, The 8th International J.A. Schumpeter Society Conference At Esrc Manchester, 2000.

Davies, T. & Cahill, S. (2000). Environmental Implications of the Tourism Industry, Discussion Paper, Resources for the Future, Retrieved on 6th December, 2014 from: http://www.rff.org

Dopfer, K., Foster, J. and Potts, J. (2004). "Micro-Meso-Macro." Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 263-279.

FIFA, (2010), "2022 FIFA World Cup Bid Evaluation Report: Qatar". Retrieved on 10th October, 2014, from http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/tournaments

FIFA, (2016). FIFA World Cup 2022 Stadiums. [Online] Available: http://www.qatar.to/stadiums/World-Cup-2022-stadiums.php [Accessed 25 July 2017].

Georghiou, L., Rigby, J., & Cameron, H. (2002). Assessing the Socio-economic Impacts of the Framework Programme (ASIF), University of Manchester, London: PREST.

Gibson, H. J., Walker, M., Thapa, B. & Coetzee, W., (2014). Psychic Income and Social Capital Among Host Nation Residents: A Pre–Post Analysis of the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa. Tourism Management, Volume 44, 113-122.

Horne J. (2007). The four “knowns” of sports mega-events. Leisure Studies, London: Oxford Press.

Jenson, J. (1998). Mapping social cohesion: Canadian policy research network, Proceedings of policy research secretariat conference, Ottawa.

Kaplanidou, K., Karadakis, K., Gibson, H. Thapa, B., Walker, M., Geldenhuys, S. & Coetzee, W. (2013). Quality of life, event impacts and mega event support among South African residents before and after the event: the case of the FIFA 2010 World Cup. Journal of Travel Research, 52(5), 631-645.

Karadakis, K., Kaplanidou, K. & Karlis, G. (2010). Event leveraging of mega sport events: A SWOT analysis approach. International Journal of Festival and Event Management, 1(3), 170-185.

Klette T.J., Møen J., Griliches Z., (2000). Do Subsidies To Commercial R&D Reduce Market Failures? Microeconometric Evaluation Studies, Research Policy 29, 1157-1163.

Ma, S. C. & Kaplanidou, K. K., 2017. Legacy perceptions among host Tour de Taiwan residents: the mediating effect of quality of life. Leisure Studies, 36(3), 423-437.

Mamalakis, M. J. (1996). Poverty and Inequality in Latin America: Meso-economic Dimensions of Justice and Entitlements, Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs 38, No. 2/3, 181-199.

Meethan, K. (2001) Tourism in global society. Places, culture, consumption. New York: Palgrave.

Papadimitriou, D. Kaplanidou, K. Apostolopoulou, A. (online 2015). Destination image components and word-of-mouth intentions in urban tourism: a multi-group approach. Journal of Hospitality Tourism and Research. doi: 1096348015584443

Smith, V.L. (2001). Tourism change and impacts. In. V.LSmith & Brent, M. (eds.), Hosts and Guests Revisited: Tourism Issues for the 21st century. New York: Cognizant Communication Corporation.

Stabler, M. J., P., A., & Sinclair, M. T. (2010). The Economics of Tourism (2nd ed.). Abingdon: Routledge.

Stoneman P. (Ed)., (1995). Handbook of the Economics of Innovation and Technological Change”, Blackwell Handbooks In Economics, Oxford UK and Cambridge USA.

Uysal, M., Perdue, R. & Sirgy J. (Eds.), (2012). Handbook of Tourism and Quality-of-Life Research: Enhancing the Lives of Tourists and Residents of Host Communities. New York: Springer Publishers.

WTO (2010). Questionnaire on Tourism and Employment: Overview of Results, 2nd T.20 Ministers Meeting – Republic of Korea, Retrieved on December 5, 2014 from: http://t20.unwto.org/sites/all/files/docpdf/unwtoemployment.pdf

Yee, J. G. (1992). Ecotourism Market Survey: A Survey of North American Ecotourism Operators. San Francisco: The Intelligence Centre, Pacific Asia Travel Association.

Downloads

Published

2021-09-08

Issue

Section

Articles