Anchoring the Anchor: Spirituality as an Entrepreneurial Competence
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5195/emaj.2023.311Keywords:
Spirituality, Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurial Competencies, Entrepreneurial Crossover, Psychological CapitalAbstract
Spirituality is the fountainhead of many of the required and elemental entrepreneurial competencies, yet it seems to be out of the main stage in entrepreneurial-competence dialogue. Spirituality lays the groundwork for entrepreneurial success, as it builds eligibility for the same. It preludes, enables and sustains the phenomenon of entrepreneurship. Research confirms a huge overlap and integration between spiritual attributes, psychological capital and character-strengths. These together help entrepreneurial competencies and prospects. Spirituality should be accorded appropriate precedence in the scheme of competencies, though the extant literature denies any. Also, spiritual attributes give a meaningful and virtuous direction to entrepreneurial behaviors, rendering them beneficial to all holistically. This includes socioeconomic and ecological dimensions. Contrary to the misconceived dissonance between entrepreneurial interests and spiritual attributes, the pixie-dust of spirituality packs more punch in entrepreneurial pursuits. Absenting spirituality and the attributes associated with it in the entrepreneurial discussion will send the world hurtling into endless entropy.
References
Agarwal, S., Ramadani, V., Dana, L.P., Agrawal, V.,Dixit, J.K. (2021). Assessment of the significance of factors affecting the growth of women entrepreneurs: study based on experience categorization. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print.
Arsawan, I., Koval, V., Rajiani, I., Rustiarini, N. W., Supartha, W. G., Suryantini, N. P. S. (2020). Leveraging knowledge sharing and innovation culture into SMEs sustainable competitive advantage. Int. J. Product. Perform. Manag. 71, 405-428. doi: 10.1108/IJPPM-04-2020-0192
Balog, A. M., Baker, L. T., Walker, A. G. (2014). Religiosity and spirituality in entrepreneurship: a review and research agenda. Journal of Management, Spirituality & Religion, 11(2), 159-186.https://doi.org/10.1080/14766086. 2013.836127.
Benefiel, M. (2003). Mapping the terrain of spirituality in organizations research. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 16(4), 367-377.
Cardon, M. S., Stevens, C. E., Potter, D. R. (2011). Misfortunes or mistakes? Cultural sensemaking of entrepreneurial failure. Journal of Business Venturing, 26(1), 79-92.
Davis, D. E., Rice, K., Hook, J. N., Van Tongeren, D. R., DeBlaere, C., Choe, E., Worthington Jr., Everett, L. (2015). Development of the sources of spirituality scale. J. Couns. Psychol. 62: 503. doi: 10.1037/cou0000082
DeNoble, A. F., Jung, D., Ehrlich, S. B. (1999). Entrepreneurial self-efficacy: the development of a measure and its relationship to entrepreneurial action. Frontiers of entrepreneurship research. Proceedings of the 19th Annual Entrepreneurship Research Conference (Babson Park, MA: Babson College), 73-87.
Febriani, R. (2020). Spirituality to increase entrepreneur’s satisfaction and performance: The Islamic perspective. Eur. J. Bus. Manag. 12, 64-69.
Gephart, R. P., Topal, C., Zhang, Z. (2010). Future-oriented sensemaking in organizations: The use of prospective and predictive sensemaking in the strategic responses to macrohistorical change. Organization Science, 21(3), 528-544.
Gioia, D. A., Mehra, A. (1996). Sensemaking and sensegiving in strategic change initiation. Strategic Management Journal, 17(11), 835-857.
Grégoire, D. A., Corbett, A. C., McMullen, J. S. (2011). The cognitive perspective in entrepreneurship: An agenda for future research. Journal of Management Studies, 48(6), 1443-1477.
Hill, T. L., Levenhagen, M. (1995). Metaphors and mental models: Sensemaking and sensegiving in innovative and entrepreneurial activities. Journal of Management, 21(6), 1057-1074.
Jena, L. K., Pradhan, R. K. (2015). Psychological Capital and Workplace Spirituality: Role of Emotional Intelligence. International Journal of Work Organisation and Emotion, 7(1). DOI: 10.1504/IJWOE.2015.073119.
Kapuscinski, A. N., Masters, K. S. (2010). The current status of measures of spirituality: a critical review of scale development. Psychol. Relig. Spiritual. 2, 191-205. doi: 10.1037/a0020498
Kauanui, S.K., Thomas, K.D., Sherman, C.L., Waters, G.R., Gilea, M. (2009). Entrepreneurship and Spirituality: An Exploration Using Grounded Theory. FortMyers, FL: Florida Gulf Coast University.
Khari, C., Sinha, S. (2018). Organizational spirituality and knowledge sharing: a model of multiple mediation. Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, 19(4), 337-348.
Krueger, N. F. (2000). The Cognitive Infrastructure of Opportunity Emergence. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 24(3), 5-23.
Lopez-Zafra, E. (2022). Antecedents of psychological Capital at Work: A Systematic Review of Moderator–mediator Effects and a New Integrative Proposal. European Management Review, 19(1), 154-169. https://doi.org/10.1111/emre.12460
Mauksch, S. (2017). Sustaining entrepreneurial visions: Between aspiration and realization. Organization Studies, 38(12), 1723-1744.
Mayseless, O., Russo-Netzer, P. (2017). A vision for the farther reaches of spirituality: a phenomenologically based model of spiritual development and growth. Spirituality in Clin. Pract. 4, 176-192. doi: 10.1037/scp0000147
Milliman, J., Czaplewski, A.J., Ferguson, J. (2003). Workplace Spirituality and Employee Work Attitudes: An Exploratory Empirical Assessment Journal of Organizational Change Management, 16(4), 426-447.
Mitroff, I.A., Denton, E.A. (1999). A Spiritual Audit of Corporate America: A Handbook of Spirituality, Religion and Values in the Workplace. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Nandram, S. (2016). How do spirituality, intuition and entrepreneurship go together? Philosophy of Management, 15(1), 65-82.
Nandram, S., Borden, M.E. (2009). Spirituality and Business. Springer.
Neubert, M.J., Bradley, S.W., Ardianti, R., Simiyu, E.M. (2017). The Role of Spiritual Capital in Innovation and Performance: Evidence from Developing Economies, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 41(4), 621-640.
Niemiec, R. M., Pargament, K. I. (2020). The Decoding of the Human Spirit: A Synergy of Spirituality and Character Strengths toward Wholeness. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 552737. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02040
Ohoitimur, J., Raco, J. R., Sobon, K. (2019). Spirituality: The Power of Entrepreneurship. EMAJ Emerging Markets Journal, 9(1), 28-35. https://doi.org/10.5195/emaj.2019.161.
Pargament, K. I., Lomax, J. W., McGee, J. S., Fang, Q. (2014). Sacred moments in psychotherapy from the perspectives of mental health providers and clients: prevalence, predictors, and consequences. Spiritual. Clin. Pract. 1, 248–262. doi: 10.1037/scp0000043
Paul, M., Sahoo, K. (2017). Role of Spirituality as a Positive Psychological Capital Tool in Prediction of Emotions and Subjective Well-Being among Management Students. Journal of Positive Psychology, 10(2), 123-137.
Peterson, C., Seligman, M. E. P. (2004). Character strengths and virtues: A handbook and classification. New York, Washington, DC: Oxford University Press, American Psychological Association.
Pruzan P. (2008). Spiritual Leadership in Business Journal of Human Values, 14(2), 101-11.
Raco, J.R., Ohoitimur, J., Sobon, K. (2019). Spirituality: The Power of Entrepreneurship. EMAJ: Emerging Markets Journal. 9. 28-35. 10.5195/emaj.2019.161.
Raco, J.R., Tanod, R.H.M. (2014). The phenomenological method in entrepreneurship. J. Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 22 (3), 276-285.
Rose, S. (2001). Is the term “spirituality’ a word that everyone uses, but nobody knows what anyone means by it? Journal of Contemporary Religion, 16, 193-207.
Saroglou, V., Buxant, C., Tilquin, J. (2008). Positive emotions as leading to religion and spirituality. J. Posit. Psychol. 3, 165-173. doi: 10.1080/17439760801998737
Schwab, K. (2016). Welcoming Faith in the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Berkley Forum. Globalization, Governance, and Norms.
Seaward, B.L. (2001). Health of the Human Spirit: Spiritual Dimensions for Personal Health. Allyn and Bacon: Boston, USA.
Sirine, H., Kurniawati, E. P. (2018). The importance of spirituality dimensions in the development of entrepreneurship. Diponegoro International Journal of Business, 1(2), 55-70. DOI: 10.14710/dijb.1.2.2018.55-70.
VIA Institute (2020). What the research says about character strengths. Available at: https://www.viacharacter.org/research/findings (Accessed August 25, 2020).
Washington Times (WT Blog). (2012). https://www.washingtontimes.com/blog/watercooler/2012/dec/23/84-percent-world-population-has-faith-third-are-ch/
World Economic Forum. (2016). The Role of Faith in Systemic Global Challenges.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Gayatri Dwivedi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- The Author retains copyright in the Work, where the term “Work” shall include all digital objects that may result in subsequent electronic publication or distribution.
- Upon acceptance of the Work, the author shall grant to the Publisher the right of first publication of the Work.
- The Author shall grant to the Publisher and its agents the nonexclusive perpetual right and license to publish, archive, and make accessible the Work in whole or in part in all forms of media now or hereafter known under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License or its equivalent, which, for the avoidance of doubt, allows others to copy, distribute, and transmit the Work under the following conditions:
- Attribution—other users must attribute the Work in the manner specified by the author as indicated on the journal Web site;
- The Author is able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the nonexclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the Work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), as long as there is provided in the document an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post online a prepublication manuscript (but not the Publisher’s final formatted PDF version of the Work) in institutional repositories or on their Websites prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work. Any such posting made before acceptance and publication of the Work shall be updated upon publication to include a reference to the Publisher-assigned DOI (Digital Object Identifier) and a link to the online abstract for the final published Work in the Journal.
- Upon Publisher’s request, the Author agrees to furnish promptly to Publisher, at the Author’s own expense, written evidence of the permissions, licenses, and consents for use of third-party material included within the Work, except as determined by Publisher to be covered by the principles of Fair Use.
- The Author represents and warrants that:
- the Work is the Author’s original work;
- the Author has not transferred, and will not transfer, exclusive rights in the Work to any third party;
- the Work is not pending review or under consideration by another publisher;
- the Work has not previously been published;
- the Work contains no misrepresentation or infringement of the Work or property of other authors or third parties; and
- the Work contains no libel, invasion of privacy, or other unlawful matter.
- The Author agrees to indemnify and hold Publisher harmless from Author’s breach of the representations and warranties contained in Paragraph 6 above, as well as any claim or proceeding relating to Publisher’s use and publication of any content contained in the Work, including third-party content.
Revised 7/16/2018. Revision Description: Removed outdated link.